Unique Top-selling 010-160 Exams - New 2026 Lpi Pratice Exam
LPI Linux Essentials Dumps 010-160 Exam for Full Questions - Exam Study Guide
NEW QUESTION # 37
Running the command rm Downloads leads to the following error:
rm: cannot remove 'Downloads/': Is a directory
Which of the following commands can be used instead to remove Downloads, assuming Downloads is empty? (Choose two correct answers.)
- A. dir -r Downloads
- B. undir Downloads
- C. rmdir Downloads
- D. rem Downloads
- E. rm -r Downloads
Answer: C,E
Explanation:
To remove a directory, you need to use a command that can delete directories, not just files. The rm command can only remove files by default, unless you use the -r option, which stands for recursive. This option tells rm to delete the directory and all of its contents, including subdirectories and files. The rmdir command can also remove directories, but only if they are empty. If the directory contains any files or subdirectories, rmdir will fail and display an error message. Therefore, the correct commands to remove Downloads, assuming it is empty, are rmdir Downloads and rm -r Downloads. The other commands are either invalid or do not work on directories. Reference:
Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI), section 2.3.1
LPI Linux Essentials Study Guide: Exam 010 v1.6, 3rd Edition, chapter 4, page 93.
NEW QUESTION # 38
What is true about links in a Linux file system?
- A. Only the root user can create hard links.
- B. When the target of the symbolic link is moved, the link is automatically updated.
- C. A symbolic link can only point to a file and not to a directory.
- D. A symbolic link can point to a file on another file system.
- E. A hard link can only point to a directory and never to a file.
Answer: D
Explanation:
A symbolic link, also known as a symlink or soft link, is a special type of file that points to another file or directory by its name. A symbolic link can point to a file or directory on the same or different file system, as long as the target is accessible. For example, you can create a symbolic link to a file on a USB drive or a network share, as long as the device is mounted or the connection is established. However, if the target of the symbolic link is moved, renamed, or deleted, the link becomes broken and does not work. To create a symbolic link, you can use the ln command with the -s or --symbolic option, followed by the target name and the link name. For example, ln -s /mnt/usb/file.txt link.txt creates a symbolic link named link.txt that points to the file.txt on the USB drive mounted at /mnt/usb.
The other options are not true about links in a Linux file system. A symbolic link can point to a directory as well as a file. A hard link, which is a direct reference to the same data as another file, can only point to a file and not a directory. A hard link cannot span across different file systems, because it depends on the inode number, which is unique within a file system. When the target of the symbolic link is moved, the link is not automatically updated, but becomes broken. Any user can create hard links, as long as they have the permission to read and write the target file and the link directory.
Reference:
Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI)
Ln Command in Linux (Create Symbolic Links) | Linuxize
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which of the following commands extracts the contents of the compressed archive file1.tar.gz?
- A. ztar file1.tar.gz
- B. detar file1.tar.gz
- C. tar --extract file1.tar.gz
- D. tar -xzf file1.tar.gz
- E. tar -czf file1.tar.gz
Answer: D
Explanation:
The correct command to extract the contents of the compressed archive file1.tar.gz is tar -xzf file1.tar.gz. This command uses the following options:
-x means extract files from an archive.
-z means filter the archive through gzip, which is a compression program that reduces the size of files.
-f means use the following archive file name, which is file1.tar.gz in this case.
The other commands are incorrect for the following reasons:
tar -czf file1.tar.gz creates a compressed archive file1.tar.gz from the files specified after the command, not extract it.
ztar file1.tar.gz is not a valid command, as ztar is not a standard program or option for tar.
tar --extract file1.tar.gz is missing the -z option to handle the gzip compression, and also the -f option to specify the file name.
detar file1.tar.gz is not a valid command, as detar is not a standard program or option for tar.
Reference:
Linux Essentials - Topic 106: The Linux Operating System, section 106.2 Use single shell commands and one line command sequences to perform basic tasks on the command line.
LPI Linux Essentials Study Guide: Exam 010 v1.6, 3rd Edition, Chapter 5: Working with Files and Directories, section Compressing and Archiving Files.
NEW QUESTION # 40
What parameter of ls prints a recursive listing of a directory's content? (Specify ONLY the option name without any values or parameters.)
Answer:
Explanation:
lsR
NEW QUESTION # 41
Which one of the following statements concerning Linux passwords is true?
- A. All passwords can be decrypted using the system administrator's master password.
- B. Passwords may never start with a non-letter.
- C. Passwords are only stored in hashed form.
- D. Users cannot change their password once it has been set.
- E. Passwords may be at most six characters long.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Linux passwords are not stored in plain text, but in a scrambled or encrypted form known as a hash. A hash is a one-way function that transforms a string of characters into a fixed-length value. The same input always produces the same hash, but it is impossible to reverse the process and recover the original input from the hash. This way, the system can verify the user's password without exposing it to anyone who can read the file where the hashes are stored. The file that contains the password hashes is /etc/shadow, which is only readable by the root user or members of the shadow group. The passwd utility is used to change the user's password, which updates the hash in the /etc/shadow file. References: Linux Essentials 1.6 Topic 105: Security and File Permissions, How to Change Account Passwords on Linux, Where is my password stored on Linux?
NEW QUESTION # 42
Running the commandrm Downloadsleads to the following error:
rm: cannot remove 'Downloads/': Is a directory
Which of the following commands can be used instead to removeDownloads, assumingDownloadsis empty? (Choose two correct answers.)
- A. dir -r Downloads
- B. undir Downloads
- C. rmdir Downloads
- D. rem Downloads
- E. rm -r Downloads
Answer: C,E
Explanation:
Explanation
To remove a directory, you need to use a command that can delete directories, not just files. The rm command can only remove files by default, unless you use the -r option, which stands for recursive. This option tells rm to delete the directory and all of its contents, including subdirectories and files. The rmdir command can also remove directories, but only if they are empty. If the directory contains any files or subdirectories, rmdir will fail and display an error message. Therefore, the correct commands to remove Downloads, assuming it is empty, are rmdir Downloads and rm -r Downloads. The other commands are either invalid or do not work on directories. References:
* Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI), section 2.3.1
* LPI Linux Essentials Study Guide: Exam 010 v1.6, 3rd Edition, chapter 4, page 93.
NEW QUESTION # 43
What is the preferred source for the installation of new applications in a Linux based operating system?
- A. A CD-ROM disk
- B. A retail store
- C. The distribution's package repository
- D. The vendor's version management system
- E. The vendor's website
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
NEW QUESTION # 44
Which of the following Linux Distributions is derived from Red Hat Enterprise Linux?
- A. Debian
- B. Raspbian
- C. CentOS
- D. openSUSE
- E. Ubuntu
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
CentOS is a Linux distribution that is derived from Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). CentOS stands for Community Enterprise Operating System and it aims to provide a free, enterprise-class, community-supported computing platform that is functionally compatible with RHEL. CentOS is one of the most popular Linux distributions for servers and cloud computing. Raspbian, openSUSE, Debian and Ubuntu are other Linux distributions that are not derived from RHEL, but have their own origins and development histories. Raspbian is based on Debian and optimized for the Raspberry Pi. openSUSE is a community project sponsored by SUSE Linux and other companies. Debian is one of the oldest and most influential Linux distributions, and Ubuntu is derived from Debian and sponsored by Canonical Ltd. References:
* Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI) 1
* Linux Essentials Version 1.6 Update - Linux Professional Institute (LPI) 2
* Free LPI 010-160 Questions - Pass LPI 010-160 - Pass4Success 3
* LPI Linux Essentials Study Guide: Exam 010 v1.6, 3rd Edition 4
NEW QUESTION # 45
Which of the following statements are true regarding a typical shell script? (Choose two.)
- A. It has the executable permission bit set.
- B. It starts with the two character sequence #!.
- C. It is located in /etc/bash/scripts/.
- D. It is located in /usr/local/scripts/.
- E. It is compiled into a binary file compatible with the current machine architecture.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
A typical shell script is a text file that contains a series of commands or instructions that can be executed by a shell interpreter. A shell script usually has the executable permission bit set, which means that it can be run as a program by the user or another program. A shell script also starts with the two character sequence #!, which is called a shebang or a hashbang. This sequence tells the operating system which shell interpreter to use to run the script. For example, #!/bin/bash indicates that the script should be run by the bash shell. References:
* Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI) 1
* Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute Certification Programs 2
NEW QUESTION # 46
Which of the following are typical services offered by public cloud providers? (Choose three correct answers.)
- A. Software as a Service (SaaS)
- B. Internet as aService(IaaS)
- C. Graphics as a Service (GaaS)
- D. Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)
- E. Platform as a Service(PaaS)
Answer: A,D,E
NEW QUESTION # 47
What is the preferred source for the installation of new applications in a Linux based operating system?
- A. A CD-ROM disk
- B. A retail store
- C. The distribution's package repository
- D. The vendor's version management system
- E. The vendor's website
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 48
What happens to a file residing outside the home directory when the file owner's account is deleted? (Choose two.)
- A. The user root is set as the new owner of the file.
- B. Ownership and permissions of the file remain unchanged.
- C. The UID of the former owner is shown when listing the file's details.
- D. The file is removed from the file system.
- E. During a file system check, the file is moved to /lost +found.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
When a user account is deleted, the files owned by that user are not automatically deleted from the file system, unless they are in the user's home directory. The files residing outside the home directory will remain unchanged, but they will have an invalid owner. The owner of a file is identified by a numeric user ID (UID), which is mapped to a user name by the /etc/passwd file. When a user is deleted, the corresponding entry in the /etc/passwd file is removed, but the UID of the file is not changed. Therefore, when listing the file's details, the UID of the former owner is shown instead of the user name. For example, if the user alice with UID 1001 is deleted, and she owns a file named report.txt in the /tmp directory, the output of ls -l /tmp/report.txt will look something like this:
-rw-r-r-- 1 1001 users 1024 Nov 20 14:11 /tmp/report.txt
The user root is not set as the new owner of the file, nor is the file moved to /lost+found or removed from the file system. The /lost+found directory is used to store files that are recovered from a corrupted file system after running the fsck command, not from deleted user accounts. The file system check does not affect the ownership or permissions of the files, unless there is a serious inconsistency that needs to be fixed. Reference:
Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI), section 5.2.1
5.2 Lesson 1 - Linux Professional Institute Certification Programs, slide 6.
NEW QUESTION # 49
What information is stored in/etc/passwd? (Choose three correct answers.)
- A. The numerical user ID
- B. The encrypted password
- C. The username
- D. The user's storage space limit
- E. The user\s default shell
Answer: A,C,E
Explanation:
Explanation
The /etc/passwd file is a plain text-based database that contains information for all user accounts on the system. It is owned by root and has 644 permissions. The file can only be modified by root or users with sudo privileges and readable by all system users. Each line of the /etc/passwd file contains seven comma-separated fields, representing a user account. The fields are as follows:
* Username: The string you type when you log into the system. Each username must be a unique string on the machine. The maximum length of the username is restricted to 32 characters.
* Password: In older Linux systems, the user's encrypted password was stored in the /etc/passwd file. On most modern systems, this field is set to x, and the user password is stored in the /etc/shadow file.
* User ID (UID): The user identifier is a number assigned to each user by the operating system to refer to a user. It is used by the kernel to check for the user privileges and grant access to system resources. The UID 0 is reserved for the root user and cannot be assigned to any other user.
* Group ID (GID): The user's group identifier number, referring to the user's primary group. When a user creates a file, the file's group is set to this group. Typically, the name of the group is the same as the name of the user. User's secondary groups are listed in the /etc/group file.
* User ID Info (GECOS): This is a comment field. This field contains a list of comma-separated values with the following information: User's full name or the application name, Room number, Work phone number, Home phone number, Other contact information.
* Home directory: The absolute path to the user's home directory. It contains the user's files and configurations. By default, the user home directories are named after the name of the user and created under the /home directory.
* Login shell: The absolute path to the user's login shell. This is the shell that is started when the user logs into the system. On most Linux distributions, the default login shell is Bash.
Therefore, the correct answers are B, C, and E. The user's storage space limit (A) is not stored in the
/etc/passwd file, but in the /etc/quota file. The encrypted password (D) is not stored in the /etc/passwd file, but in the /etc/shadow file. References:
* Linux Essentials Topic 104: The Linux Operating System, section 104.4: Runlevels and Boot Targets.
* Linux Essentials Topic 106: Security and File Permissions, section 106.1: Basic security and identifying user types.
* Linux Essentials Topic 106: Security and File Permissions, section 106.2: Creating users and groups.
* Understanding the /etc/passwd File | Linuxize
* Understanding the /etc/passwd File - GeeksforGeeks
* passwd(5) - Linux manual page - man7.org
* Understanding /etc/passwd file in Linux - DEV Community
NEW QUESTION # 50
Which of the following devices represents a hard disk partition?
- A. /dev/sda/p2
- B. /dev/part0
- C. /dev/ttyS0
- D. /dev/sda2
- E. /dev/sata0
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 51
Reverse DNS assigns hostnames to IP addresses. How is the name of the IP address 198.51.100.165
stored on a DNS server?
- A. In the REV record for arpa.in-addr.198.51.100.165.
- B. In the PTR record for 165.100.51.198.in-addr.arpa.
- C. In the A record for 165.100.51.198.ipv4.arpa.
- D. In the RNAME record for 198-51-100-165.rev.arpa.
- E. In the ARPA record for 165.100.51.198.rev.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 52
......
Lpi 010-160 (Linux Essentials Certificate Exam, version 1.6) Certification Exam is a globally recognized certification for professionals who have a basic understanding of the Linux operating system. Linux Essentials Certificate Exam - version 1.6 certification exam is designed to validate the fundamental knowledge and skills required to work with Linux systems. It is an entry-level certification exam that is ideal for students, professionals, and anyone who is interested in learning about Linux operating systems.
The Linux Essentials Certificate Exam, version 1.6, is an online exam that consists of 40 multiple-choice questions. Candidates are given 60 minutes to complete the exam, and the passing score is 500 out of 800. 010-160 exam can be taken at any Pearson VUE testing center or online through the LPI's remote testing platform. Successful candidates receive a Linux Essentials Certificate, which is valid for ten years, and it can be used to demonstrate their knowledge and skills in Linux system administration.
Best way to practice test for Lpi 010-160: https://exam-labs.prep4sureguide.com/010-160-prep4sure-exam-guide.html